Cold push elbow forming
The so-called cold pushing refers to the bending method of bending the elbow under low-temperature working conditions, that is, pressing the steel pipe into a mold with a bending cavity at room temperature, and using a bending device to bend. The cold pushing elbow device has simple structure, does not require special equipment, and has high productivity. However, it is usually required that the relative thickness of the stainless steel pipe is t / D ≥ 0.06, otherwise, the pipe blank will lose stability due to poor rigidity, resulting in bending, The inner side of the elbow is wrinkled or twisted, so the application scope of cold pushing is: bending the elbow with a small bending radius (its relative bending radius R / D ≈ 1.3); Bend with small ovality of elbow section (≤ 3% - 5%) and small thinning of outer pipe wall (≤ 9%).
Hot push elbow forming
Compared with cold push elbow forming, hot push elbow forming is a method of bending elbows under high temperature conditions, that is, on a special pusher, it passes through the bull horn mandrel under the action of axial thrust. During the heating process, pushing will lead to circumferential expansion and axial bending deformation of the tube blank, thus pushing the tube with smaller diameter into the elbow with larger diameter, The hot push elbow is to determine the diameter of the tube blank according to the constant volume law before and after plastic deformation of metal materials. The diameter of the tube blank used is smaller than the diameter of the elbow. The deformation process of the blank is controlled by the core mold. The compressed metal at the inner arc can flow and compensate for other parts that are thinner due to diameter expansion, so as to obtain an elbow with beautiful appearance and uniform wall thickness, which is suitable for mass production. Therefore, It has become the main forming method of carbon steel and alloy steel elbows, and is also used to form stainless steel elbows of some specifications.
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